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The electronic cigarette is an electric nebulizer for personal use, which produces an aerosol inhaled by a person from the solution. Inhaler generates an aerosol of fine liquid therein and a gaseous phase particles distributed chemicals contained in the solution. In appearance similar to spray smoke and also for inhalation. According to their function, the electronic cigarette is a replacement (alternative) smoking cigarettes, then there is a device for use in nicotine than the smoking form. Brief characteristics, purpose of the device The term “electronic cigarette” was adopted in the Russian-speaking countries of the former Soviet Union, and in English-speaking countries to refer to the device, the terms personal vaporizers (PV) , and electronic nicotine delivery mail

Systems (ENDS) . Last term electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is the official designation of the electronic cigarette, adopted by the World Health Organization and takes into Russian as electronic nicotine delivery system (ESDN) . In addition, in different countries, using English as the lingua franca (the universal language for communication, which is understood by most people), to refer to electronic cigarettes, the following terms are used – e-cigs, e-cigarette, etc. All of these terms are used to refer to the same device – the electronic cigarette. The process of using electronic cigarettes called veyping that is just writing the English verb vaping Cyrillic. It is a word used in English to refer to the process of application of the electronic cigarette. The term “float” in the Russian-language media to refer to the e-cigarette smoking process is used, which is the literal translation of the English vaping. That is, if an ordinary cigarette smoke, an electronic “soar”. The choice of the verb “to float” to refer to the e-cigarette smoking is not accidental – during operation a mist-like vapor that is inhaled and people. Thus, since the staple of the electronic cigarette is some aerosol vapor state, and the verb refers to the process of using the device “float.”

Electronic cigarettes were invented in China, because in this country a lot of people smoking, so that the public health structures are interested in minimizing the harm resulting from the use of tobacco compatriots. It is to reduce the harm from addiction and has been established and put into use the electronic cigarette allows the smoker to carry out the usual automatic actions (podnesenie cigarette to his mouth, inhaling, exhaling smoke, etc.) and, at the same time, provide entry into the blood only nicotine without inhaling harmful tobacco related products of combustion and nitrate impregnated paper. In China, the electronic cigarettes began to be sold in 2002, and in Europe and the United States – from 2006 – 2007. The operation of the electronic cigarette is quite simple – the device with the help of electrical discharge creates from existing in its liquid spray, which in appearance is very similar to a conventional steam or smoke from tobacco. It is this spray and contains nicotine and flavorings that are inhaled man. After inhalation of the vapor exhaled. That is, when using the electronic cigarette a person repeats the actions performed when smoking a conventional cigarette. Thus, there is a complete simulation of all the habitual smoking actions, which is very important for experienced smokers. Cigarette is driven by means of a button or simply tightening. As a result, power source (battery) is activated in a device for supplying the discharge atomizer, which in turn rapidly heats the liquid nicotine and flavor to a very high temperature , so that it is passed in the gaseous state. Next person inhales the aerosol thus formed and after a few seconds exhales it back. Lead the electronic cigarette in action at any one time, provided that it contains a liquid and a sufficient battery capacity. Accordingly, by using e-cigarettes need to monitor the capacity of its battery, recharging it regularly or replaced, and for the amount of fluid that should be as necessary to pour into a special container. Fluid in the electronic cigarette can comprise a different quantity of nicotine and variety of flavors. Depending on what kind of added flavor, “pairs” of the electronic cigarette will have a particular pleasant smell and taste. And depending on the concentration of nicotine in solution person will receive more or less of the substance with each puff. Design and operation of the electronic cigarette Any electronic cigarette, regardless of species and design features of the device is essentially the same type and principle of operation.

For a better understanding of the principles of operation of the device will first consider its structure and purpose of the individual components. A schematic arrangement of the electronic cigarette shown in Figure 1. As can be seen from the figure, any cigarette consists of three basic building blocks – the evaporator (atomizer), a liquid cartridge and a power supply , and all other parts (e.g., simulator burning tip of a cigarette, sensors and etc.) are optional. Accordingly, these additional pieces may be missing or have different models and modifications of electronic cigarettes. Figure 1 – Schematic representation of the device of the electronic cigarette. Atomizer (evaporator) – is a device which has a coil of metal capable of quickly heated to high temperatures (e.g., nickel, titanium, nichrome, Kanthal, fechral et al.). Spiral heating leads to what is served in the atomizer liquid smoke begins to evaporate, forming a spray. This aerosol system under the action of airflow fed to the mouthpiece and inhaled by the person cigarette during a puff. Work-discharge atomizer is provided an electric current supplied to the battery . Accordingly, the battery of the electronic cigarette in the device is a power source for the atomiser. A fluid reservoir for smoking, which is dissolved nicotine and flavorings, is in the immediate vicinity of the atomizer and designed, respectively, for storing and supplying a solution to the evaporator. In many models of electronic cigarette evaporator and the fluid reservoir are combined in a structural unit, which allows not to use synthetic wick for supplying solution to a heating spiral. If the atomizer and the liquid reservoir are not in a single unit, different constructive techniques used to connect them. The general principle of operation of any electronic cigarettes are as follows: liquid smoke containing nicotine and flavorings, is either in a special tank or impregnate the wick of syntepon. This liquid at the beginning of use of the electronic cigarette is fed into the atomizer, the main element of which is a spiral of any metal.

The heated fluid spiral gives off heat and breaks it into small gaseous particles that are inhaled man, and in the process of “floating” of the electronic cigarette. The heating spiral atomizer occurs due to an electric discharge applied to the metal power source (battery). Thus, it is obvious that the work of the electronic cigarette atomizer and the battery is provided. In more detail the principle of operation of the electronic cigarette is described by the following sequence of actions occurring in the device during its operation: 1. The apparatus included a button, either a simple tightening. If the electronic cigarette design has the button, then for each puff of her need to push. If the device does not have a button, the implementation of a conventional tightening turns it due to the effects of air jets on a special sensor. 2. After switching on the liquid with dissolved therein nicotine and flavors of the wick-retardant material (e.g., silica cord oxidized metal mesh, etc) comes to spiral atomizer. 3. Battery transmits an electrical discharge to the atomizer, whereby the latter is heated metal spiral. 4. The heated almost instantly transmits spiral heat fluid, whereby the latter is sprayed to form a spray cloud. 5. Man makes inhaling through a cigarette holder, through which the air stream flows into the atomizer through small openings.

Next, this aerosol is captured by the air jet and the person inhales finished mixture containing nicotine and flavorings. This sequence of actions in the electronic cigarette comes with each puff. Switching off the electronic cigarette comes easy termination of its use. The use of electronic cigarettes. Why the electronic cigarette is less harmful than the usual? The benefits of the electronic cigarette is the only factor – it is less harmful as compared to the conventional. But if we compare the use of electronic cigarettes with a complete smoking cessation, the devices are uniquely harmful, as delivered to the human body, nicotine and other, in principle, neutral substance, which is still in the process of inhalation are deposited in the lungs . Thus, the use of e-cigarettes is rather conditional and relative, that is, it is more useful to use than regular cigarettes, but such a change should be considered only in those cases where the stop smoking completely is impossible. No doubt, as compared to the total failure of smoking electronic cigarette – it just hurt. Given this situation, we consider why the electronic cigarette is less harmful than usual, and therefore, what is its use.

The harm of tobacco smoking is known to all, the negative impact of a cigarette or cigar is caused not only by nicotine, but also a variety of other chemical substances formed during the combustion of tobacco, such as resins, formaldehyde and others. When the electronic cigarette in the body does not come harmful combustion products and tobacco paper and gets only nicotine, which, of course, also vitamin , but not so harmful and carcinogenic as resins, phenolic compounds and other substances formed during the combustion of tobacco foxes a. After smoking tobacco greatest damage to the organism is not the nicotine and tar and carcinogenic products of combustion of tobacco leaves and papers. Nicotine is a stimulant, which thanks to the presence and there is addictive to smoking. In principle, the nicotine can be considered an easy drug (as well as coffee , alcohol, and other light permitted stimulants), as its regular use is addictive. That is, a person addicted to smoking, becomes dependent on the regular flow of nicotine into the body from the outside.

But when smoking tobacco, in addition to nicotine in the body fall numerous carcinogenic substances formed during the combustion of tobacco leaf. When using the electronic cigarette in the body does not fall data carcinogenic compounds, and enters only nicotine, since the device is no combustion of tobacco leaf. Thus, thanks to the electronic cigarette a person can receive nicotine alternative and less harmful way than smoking. Generalized can say that less damage to the electronic cigarette as compared with the conventional due to the fact that during use can saturate the body associated with nicotine without inhaling extremely harmful carcinogenic substances formed during the combustion of tobacco in a conventional cigarette.